Menopause ("the change of life") is the term used to describe the time when a women's menstrual periods cease. On the average in the U.S. this occurs about age fifty.

During the approach to menopause a women's periods may become irregular before they stop completely. She may notice other symptoms including hot flashes, vaginal dryness and decreased interest in sex. Mental and emotional changes can also occur.

Women who smoke cigarettes usually reach menopause about two years earlier than average.

Whether or not a woman has reached menopause can be determined by consulting a gynecologist. Blood tests can confirm the diagnosis.

Almost all women who go through the menopause should take hormone replacement therapy for the rest of their lives.